La Atalayita
Nestled within the volcanic landscape of the Valle de Pozo Negro on the eastern coast of Fuerteventura lies Poblado de la Atalayita, one of the island’s most important archaeological sites. This ancient settlement provides a glimpse into the life of the island’s early inhabitants, known as the Mahos, or Majorero these days, who are believed to have Berber origins from North Africa. For those interested in history, archaeology, and cultural heritage, La Atalayita offers a unique experience that connects you with the island’s distant past.
Historical Significance
La Atalayita is a pre-Hispanic settlement that dates back to before the Spanish colonisation of the Canary Islands. It is one of the most well-preserved archaeological sites on the island, offering valuable insights into how the Mahos adapted to life in a harsh volcanic environment.
Spread over 45,000 square meters of rugged volcanic terrain, referred to as “malpaís” (the bad lands, which are volcanic lava flows), the site includes over 115 structures. These structures range from semi-subterranean dwellings and circular stone huts to livestock enclosures. The architecture demonstrates the resourcefulness of the early settlers, who used natural stone and volcanic rock to create shelters that offered protection from the elements and optimized thermal insulation. The Mahos’ use of underground spaces reflects a clever adaptation to the island’s unique climatic challenges.
Situated where it is, at the head of a causeway, it is believed that it originally served as a guard post. It was Professor Demetrio Casto Alfin, head of excavations in 1974, who gave the village its name of La Atalayita.
Key Features of the Site
1. Semi-Subterranean Dwellings
Many of the homes at La Atalayita are built partially below ground level. These semi-subterranean structures provided a cooler living environment, which was essential in the island’s arid climate. The dwellings also highlight the resourcefulness of the Mahos, as they utilised natural depressions in the landscape to reduce the amount of stonework required for construction.
2. Circular Stone Huts
Circular stone huts, built using volcanic rock, are another prominent feature of La Atalayita. These structures likely served as living spaces, storage areas, or workshops for the community. The circular design was not only practical for stability but also reflected broader Berber influences seen in other North African communities.
3. Livestock Enclosures
Evidence of livestock enclosures above ground, suggests that animal husbandry played an important role in the livelihood of the Mahos. The presence of these enclosures indicates that the community engaged in animal farming, which would have supplemented their diet and contributed to their economy.
Visitor Experience
Interpretation Centre
Visiting La Atalayita you can begin your journey at the Information Centre, which provides valuable historical and archaeological context about the settlement. Here, interactive displays and informative exhibits, including artifacts found on the site, explain the history of the Mahos, the significance of the site, and the methods used in its excavation and preservation. The centre serves as a vital resource for understanding the lifestyle, culture, and environment of the island’s early inhabitants.
Exploring the Site
After visiting the Interpretation Centre, you can explore the remains of the ancient settlement on foot. The site’s layout is marked with pathways that guide you through the different sections of the village. Informational signs provide context for each structure, offering a self-guided experience that is both educational and immersive.
Scenic Views and Natural Beauty
La Atalayita is located in a visually striking setting, surrounded by the stark beauty of volcanic landscapes. Situated to towards the top end of the site is Loma de La Atalayita, a hill of some 88 mts high, which makes a great viewpoint. There is an easy, but steep, track up to the top, where you’ll be rewarded with fabulous views of the town and lava fields, and all the way down to Pozo Negro and the Atlantic Ocean. The rugged, rocky terrain contrasts sharply with the blue waters of the coast, creating a dramatic and memorable landscape.
Visitor Guidelines
To preserve the archaeological integrity of La Atalayita, you are asked to stay on marked paths, avoid moving or defacing stones and take any rubbish you may have away. It’s also required that no artifacts, stones, or natural materials be taken from the site. These guidelines ensure the preservation of this unique historical site for future generations.
How to get there
La Atalayita is accessible by car via the FV-2 road. Follow signs toward Pozo Negro, turning on the the FV-420. After about 2kms turn right at the signpost to the archaeological site.
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